SEB: Nordic Outlook: Trumpism will have an uncertain impact - Swedish economic optimism, Riksbank done with rate cuts
(Thomson Reuters ONE) -
As we approach 2017, the world has become both more exciting and more
frightening from an economic and political standpoint, according to SEB's
economists in the November issue of the quarterly Nordic Outlook report. With
the United States preparing to test a new fiscal stimulus strategy, there is new
hope for economic growth now that monetary policy has reached the end of the
road. But strong and growing anti-establishment forces are changing the domestic
and foreign policy playing field in troublesome and unpredictable ways. SEB's
forecast scenario confirms stronger, but far from impressive, global economic
expansion - hampered by such factors as inequitable wealth distribution and
heavy debt. In Sweden, domestic driving forces - including residential
construction and public sector consumption, combined with somewhat stronger
exports - will lead to continued robust growth in 2017. The Riksbank is finished
with its key interest rate cuts, but the bank will be forced to buy government
securities for another while.
Our picture of the international economic outlook has not changed especially
much since our last Nordic Outlook in August. Sentiment indicators have
rebounded, and financial markets have reacted in an unexpectedly positive way to
the possibility of more growth-oriented economic policies in the wake of Donald
Trump's US presidential election victory. The outlook for emerging market (EM)
economies will improve somewhat, as Russia and Brazil emerge from recession and
Chinese growth decelerates at a controlled pace. Average economic growth in the
35 mostly affluent member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation
and Development (OECD) will be 1.7 per cent this year, down from 2.3 per cent in
2015. In 2017 and 2018, annual GDP growth in the OECD countries will be 2.0 per
cent. Considering that many central banks are maintaining historically low key
interest rates and are making large-scale purchases of securities (quantitative
easing or QE policies), this is a rather mediocre growth rate.
Yet political conditions have changed dramatically since the United Kingdom's
"Brexit" referendum on withdrawal from the European Union and the US
presidential election. Anti-establishment forces are ascendant and may become
even stronger in the important elections that will take place in Western Europe
during 2017. A general shift among established parties towards prioritising
national considerations - at the expense of international obligations - is
likely. Fiscal stimulus measures may gain a more prominent role in the economic
policy framework, and this may improve growth potential. But large and growing
uncertainty about global trade and security policies is opening the way for
completely new scenarios, which may have major negative economic consequences in
the long term.
American fiscal "battering ram" will have global impact
The election of Donald Trump as the next president of the United States is
expected to lead to more expansionary US fiscal policies - a yearly dose of
stimulus equivalent to some 0.5-1.0 per cent of GDP in 2017 och 2018 - based on
tax cuts equally divided between households and businesses, as well as
infrastructure investments. This is well below the dose of stimulus that Trump
announced during his election campaign. We are uncertain about the coming
administration's actual ambitions and about its chances of piloting these
policies through Congress. Because of heightened political uncertainty and the
potentially negative effects of various Trump proposals on international trade,
we are making minor adjustments in our US forecast: GDP will increase by 1.6 per
cent this year, accelerate to 2.3 per cent growth in 2017 and expand by 2.2 per
cent in 2018. This is somewhat higher than the potential rate of about 2 per
cent. The expansion is being held back by weak productivity growth, which
hampers capital spending, and by demographic headwinds that slow consumption.
Unemployment will fall to 4.5 per cent (below equilibrium) by the end of 2018,
and the increase in average hourly earnings will accelerate to 3.5 per cent in
2018: a level that is compatible with the Federal Reserve (Fed)'s 2 per cent
inflation target.
EU political map being redrawn - stability of euro may be undermined
The power and momentum of populism is expected to be confirmed by the 2017
elections in the Netherlands, France and Germany, and perhaps also in Italy in
the aftermath of its December 2016 constitutional referendum. Governments and
established political parties will eventually be under pressure to pursue more
expansionary fiscal policies, for example by boosting defence expenditures due
to the changing security policy situation. In March 2017, we expect the contours
of the European Union's new roadmap to be unveiled during celebrations of the
60(th) anniversary of the Treaty of Rome. In our assessment, the advocates of EU
federalism will be forced to lower their voices so as not to provoke public
opinion in member countries in a risky way. Established political parties,
especially on the left, will be forced to find new strategies and alliances in
order to slow the advance of new populist parties. EU economic policy
regulations and cooperation will be under stress, with the risk of escalating
tensions - for example between Germany and various other euro zone countries.
Despite political anxiety, Brexit uncertainty and weaknesses in their banking
systems, we expect the euro zone economies to grow by 1.8 per cent this year and
then decelerate cautiously to 1.6 per cent both in 2017 and 2018.
The Brexit process is surrounded by big question marks. The British economy has
been resilient - in line with our expectations - but we expect a slowdown in GDP
growth to 1.4 per cent next year (compared to 2.0 per cent this year and 1.7
percent in 2018). New legal proceedings will take away the UK government's power
to activate the EU "exit clause" by itself. This leads to three conclusions: the
country's withdrawal from the EU may be delayed, a "soft Brexit" is more likely
and the possibility of a new British election in 2017 will open up.
Our earlier forecast scenario for several major EM economies is proving correct.
Their economic growth bottomed out last spring. In Russia and Brazil the worst
GDP declines are now past, and both economies will return to positive growth in
2017. India remains the bright spot among the BRIC economies. We also expect
China to deliver good annual growth of 6-6.5 per cent, but high indebtedness, a
shaky housing market and industrial overcapacity will continue to challenge
economic policymakers in Beijing.
Fiscal policy may ease burden on monetary policy, but shift is complicated
Various elements of Trump's economic policies are well in line with what
economists and international organisations have called for over a long period.
New fiscal and structural policies may increase demand and boost potential US
growth capacity. This may ease the burden on central banks, in a situation where
the effectiveness of monetary policy is becoming weaker and weaker, while its
disadvantages - greater economic inequality, weaker reform pressure and risks
of increased financial market instability - are becoming increasingly evident.
But shifting the policy mix towards fiscal and structural measures is far from
unproblematic; political decision-making processes take time and the
independence of central banks is being questioned in countries like the US, the
UK and to some extent Sweden. Some central banks may also be forced into further
extending their QE programmes in order to soften the threat of rising long-term
bond yields in countries with weak government finances, such as Italy. The Bank
of Japan's new tools for directly controlling the entire yield curve may also be
adopted by other central banks. Our main scenario is that in December the
European Central Bank (ECB) will extend its securities purchases by six months
until September 2017, later providing cautious signals that it plans to phase
them out during 2017. The Bank of Japan will not change its current sharply
expansionary monetary policy.
The international low-inflation environment will be tested during 2017-2018 as
resource utilisation reaches relatively high levels. Meanwhile the UK and the US
are on their way towards becoming more closed economies. This will tend to
weaken global disinflationary forces and cause national conditions to have a
greater impact on inflation. Inflation expectations in financial markets have
already climbed a bit. The Fed will hike its key interest rate in December and
then carry out rate hikes every six months during 2017 and 2018 to a level of
1.50-1.75 per cent. Global concerns, the risk of a stronger dollar and a
downward adjustment in the neutral key interest rate will hold back the Fed. The
Bank of England and Norges Bank in Norway will hike their key rates during
2018, while the ECB will keep its refi rate unchanged. We expect US and German
government bond yields to climb by 60-90 basis points, reaching higher levels
than we had previously anticipated. The EUR/USD exchange rate will move close to
parity during 2017 and later rebound towards 1.10 by the end of 2018.
Sluggish economic recovery in several Nordic and Baltic countries
The expansionary economic policies that have been employed to ease the negative
effects of falling oil prices will contribute to a modest recovery in the
Norwegian economy, but Norway's dual-track GDP growth will reach only 1.3 per
cent this year and 1.4 per cent in 2017. In 2018 growth will reach 1.8 per cent,
aided by stronger private consumption. Norwegian inflation will fall when
currency rate effects fade. Finland will also experience weak growth, although
its outlook has improved. GDP will increase by 0.8 per cent this year,
accelerating to a 1.0 per cent rate next year and 1.2 per cent in 2018 -
supported by increased capital spending and other factors. Fiscal austerity will
continue. In Denmark the recovery will broaden. GDP will increase by only 1.4
per cent this year but then climb to a 2.1 per cent rate in 2017 and 2.4 per
cent in 2018. Growth will be supported by a stronger labour market that will
improve consumer purchasing power, while higher capacity utilisation and rising
home prices will boost capital spending.
Economic trends in the three Baltic countries will also point in the right
direction, with household consumption as the most important driving force, but
challenges to the competitiveness of these countries - due to such factors as
high pay increases and demographic headwinds - will limit their growth
potential. Estonia's GDP will increase by only a weak 1.3 per cent this year but
accelerate to a 2.2 per cent rate in 2017 and 2.8 per cent in 2018. In Latvia,
too, current growth is unsatisfactory, but we expect EU funds and private
consumption to push GDP growth from 1.6 per cent this year to 3.5 per cent in
2017, followed by a 3.0 per cent expansion in 2018. In Lithuania, lower public
sector investments are hampering economic growth, but the commercial real estate
market is stable and the country will show the strongest economic expansion in
the region at 2.2 per cent this year. After that, there is good potential for
Lithuanian growth to end up at 2.5 per cent in 2017 and 3.0 per cent in 2018.
Swedish GDP growth will remain well above trend - households hesitant
Although forecasters have lowered their estimates of Sweden's economic outlook
in recent months, we are sticking to a more optimistic view. We expect GDP to
increase by 3.7 per cent this year. Next year, too, the economy will grow at
well above trend, with GDP gaining 2.8 per cent. In 2018 various bottleneck
problems will contribute to a slowdown to 2.3 per cent. The foremost GDP drivers
are public consumption (due to refugee resettlement) and capital spending (due
to the housing shortage). An undervalued krona will gradually provide support to
exports. Mixed signals about household consumption are a downside risk: despite
strong job growth, good real wage increases and positive wealth effects, the
savings ratio is at a record-high 16 per cent of disposable income. Households
seem to be sceptical about the future, due to uncertainty about international
conditions, Sweden's domestic political situation and the Riksbank's negative
interest rates.
Swedish inflation has stabilised at a higher level - between 1 and 2 per cent -
but underlying cyclical forces are not yet strong enough to result in stable
inflation of 2 per cent. We expect next year's collective labour agreements to
run for two years and lead to wage and salary increases 0.2 percentage points
higher than the 2016 agreements. Including wage drift, pay hikes will be 2.9 per
cent in 2017 and 3.1 per cent in 2018, up from this year's 2.6 per cent. At the
end of 2018, unemployment will stand at 6.5 per cent. We expect CPIF inflation
(consumer price index minus interest rate changes) to end up at 1.6 per cent in
2017, in line with the Riksbank's latest forecast. CPI inflation is expected to
reach 2 per cent at the end of our forecast period, while CPIF will remain below
this target. The foreign exchange market, which at present is underweighted in
the Swedish krona, is awaiting the Riksbank's signal that it will be shifting
its monetary policy; we believe this signal will come in late spring 2017. This
will strengthen the krona despite its near-term weakness: at the end of 2017 the
EUR/SEK exchange rate will be 9.30 and the USD/SEK rate will be 8.80; at the end
of 2018 these rates will be 9.05 and 8.25, respectively.
Fiscal stimulus - key interest rate hike late in 2017
Swedish public finances are continuing to provide upside surprises, helped by
large tax revenues in a domestically driven economy. Looking ahead, however,
public finances will be squeezed as economic growth decelerates while strains
caused by demographics and migration/integration expenditures grow. We expect
public finances to be close to balance throughout our forecast period. Meanwhile
general government gross debt will fall to 38 per cent of GDP. Increased
expenditure pressures on local governments will increase tensions between them
and the central government, and we expect further central government grants
aimed at avoiding large local income tax hikes. This will help boost the dose of
stimulus in the budget for 2018, which is an election year.
Continued low inflation and the ECB's extension of its QE programme suggest that
the Riksbank will extend its own programme of government securities purchases by
another six months until June 2017, but reduce its scale (SEK 30 billion,
compared to SEK 45 billion during the second half of 2016). A further key
interest rate cut is unlikely, however, among other things because it would
divide the bank's Executive Board. Although CPIF inflation will not quite reach
2 per cent by the end of 2018, we expect the Riksbank to hike its key rate in
late 2017. The main reasons for such hikes are that the level of inflation will
have stabilised, credit growth will be high and central banks in other countries
will be phasing out their asset purchases and/or hiking their key interest
rates. New Riksbank rate hikes during 2018 will bring the repo rate to 0.25 per
cent by the end of 2018.
Key figures: International & Swedish economy (figures in brackets are forecasts
from the August 2016 issue of Nordic Outlook)
-------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+-----------------
International economy, | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018
GDP, year-on-year | | | |
changes, % | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|United States | 2.6 | 1.6 (1.6) | 2.3 (2.4) | 2.2 (2.0) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Euro zone | 2.0 | 1.8 (1.6) | 1.6 (1.7) | 1.6 (1.7) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Japan | 0,6 | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.5) | 0.5 (0.5) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|OECD | 2.3 | 1.7 (1.7) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.0) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|China | 6.9 | 6.7 (6.6) | 6.4 (6.3) | 6.0 (6.0) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Nordic countries | 2.2 | 2.0 (2.1) | 2.0 (2.0) | 2.0 (2.0) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Baltic countries | 1.8 | 1.8 (2.2) | 2.7 (2.8) | 3.0 (3.1) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|The world (purchasing | 3,1 | 3.1 (3.1) | 3.5 (3.5) | 3.6 (3.6) |
|power parities, PPP) | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Swedish economy. Year- | | | | |
|on-year changes, % | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|GDP, actual | 4.1 | 3.7 (3.7) | 2.8 (2.8) | 2.3 (2.3) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|GDP, working day | 3.9 | 3.4 (3.4) | 3.1 (3.1) | 2.4 (2.4) |
|corrected | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Unemployment, % (EU | 7.4 | 6.9 (6.7) | 6.3 (6.1) | 6.2 (6.1) |
|definition) | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|CPI | 0.0 | 0.9 (0.9) | 1.2 (1.2) | 1.9 (1.9) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|CPIF | 0.9 | 1.4 (1.4) | 1.4 (1.4) | 1.7 (1.7) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Government net lending | 0.0 | 0.3 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.2) | 0.0 (-0.1) |
|(% of GDP) | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Repo rate (December) | -0.35 |-0.50 (-0.50)|-0.25 (-0.25)| 0.25 (0.25) |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
|Exchange rate, EUR/SEK | 9.19 | 9.75 (9.30) | 9,30 (8.95) | 9,05 (8.75) |
|(December) | | | | |
+------------------------+--------+-------------+-------------+----------------+
For more information, Press contact
please contact Laurence Westerlund, +46 70 763 8627
Robert Bergqvist,
+46 70 445 1404
Håkan Frisén,
+46 70 763 8067
Elisabet Kopelman,
+46 70 655 3017
Daniel Bergvall
+46 70 523 5287
Mattias Bruér,
+46 70 98 38 506
Olle Holmgren,
+46 70 763 8079
Andreas Johnson
+46 73 523 7725
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SEB is a leading Nordic financial services group with a strong belief that
entrepreneurial minds and innovative companies are key in creating a better
world. SEB takes a long-term perspective and supports its customers in good
times and bad. In Sweden and the Baltic countries, SEB offers financial
advice and a wide range of financial services. In Denmark, Finland, Norway and
Germany the bank's operations have a strong focus on corporate and investment
banking based on a full-service offering to corporate and institutional
clients. The international nature of SEB's business is reflected in its
presence in some 20 countries worldwide. On September 30, 2016, the Group's
total assets amounted to SEK 2,851 billion while its assets under management
totalled SEK 1,758 billion. The Group has around 15,300 employees. Read more
about SEB at www.sebgroup.com
Press release (PDF):
http://hugin.info/1208/R/2058355/771471.pdf
Nordic Outlook:
http://hugin.info/1208/R/2058355/771395.pdf
This announcement is distributed by Nasdaq Corporate Solutions on behalf of Nasdaq Corporate Solutions clients.
The issuer of this announcement warrants that they are solely responsible for the content, accuracy and originality of the information contained therein.
Source: SEB via GlobeNewswire
Unternehmensinformation / Kurzprofil:
Datum: 22.11.2016 - 10:00 Uhr
Sprache: Deutsch
News-ID 508502
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