What are Power Electronics?
Semikron International GmbH is a German manufacturer of power electronics components, including diodes, thyristors, and power modules.The company was founded in 1951 and has since become a leading supplier of power electronics solutions for applications in industries such as renewable energy, industrial automation, and electric vehicles, among others.Semikron has a global presence with subsidiaries and sales offices in many countries around the world.The company is known for its high-quality products and innovative solutions, and it has a strong reputation in the power electronics industry.
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In power generation, specially in renewable energy, the generated power has to be processed to meet the AC voltage specs of the power grid. For instance, a solar cell creates DC power whose output power can vary using the working voltage and event solar irradiation. It is very important to get the highest power offered by the output of the cell and transfer it on the grid with all the maximum efficiency. So, the user interface that joins the solar cell on the grid should provide AC power that matches the grid features and draws insight power that operates the solar cell at its maximum power position. Also, the conversion of this DC power to AC power needs to be with increased performance to minimize the losses in power generation. This is possible making use of power semiconductor devices with advanced control mechanisms that monitor the production and feedback guidelines and control the switches.
Advancements in power semiconductor devices have paved the path for more modern devices including silicon carbide, gallium nitride field impact transistors (FETs), and power diodes. These devices have excellent features in terms of wide music group space that allows for high-voltage operation, energy management, and productivity. This has led to widespread usage of power electronics even just in disturbance-hypersensitive areas, changing the lossy linear power supplies and voltage regulators. The benefit of these devices is because they can withstand high voltage if compared to the silicon devices. As a result, the systems could be developed with high-voltage functionality, which, consequently, reduces the present and increases productivity, for the very same power to get provided. Also, operating the devices at higher changing frequencies works well for reducing how big passive components, making the systems small. The cabability to handle higher temperatures simplifies thermal designs.
How Do Power Electronics Work?
Power electronic systems are utilized in a number of applications, for example:
Power Generation
Power Transmission
Power Circulation
Power Control
In every these applications, the input voltages and currents are changed utilizing power semiconductor devices to provide desired outputs. The construction of basic semiconductor devices for example diodes, FETs, and bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) are adjusted to stand up to high voltages and currents. As a result, we have now silicon-handled thyristors (SCRs), power diodes, power metal oxide semiconductor field outcome transistors (MOSFETs), power BJTs, insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), entrance transform-off thyristors (GTOs), and the like. The device choice will depend on the power ranges, the transitioning regularity specifications, effectiveness, as well as the the outdoors of inputs and outputs. As an illustration, in a EV powertrain, the power handled is of the buy of kW. In such applications, power MOSFETs which could stand up to the high voltage and switch at better frequencies are commonly applied. In the case of power transmitting, where dealt with power is in the order of few megawatts, silicon-handled rectifiers (SCRs) are used.
The primary element in a power electronic system is actually a changing power converter. The power converter is made up of power semiconductor devices that happen to be switched on and off at high frequencies. This operations switches the voltage and existing with the devices, delivering a handled power at the productivity. In addition to this, the power attracted through the insight can even be operated. An ideal device changes the voltage and current instantly while offering zero opposition once switched on and infinite opposition when changed off. But in the real world, no device could be changed immediately. The switching converters are linked to two kinds of power loss in the devices:
Converting Deficits
Conduction Failures
The changing loss take place during turn on and off. As an illustration, whenever a switch switches on, the voltage over the switch will go to a small benefit from the voltage that was becoming blocked when it was in the off status. In the same time, the actual throughout the device moves from zero to the load existing level. Since this process usually takes finite time and also the voltage and existing are transitioning, power loss takes place. The changeover is reversed once the switch is turning off. These loss make up the transitioning deficits. The switching loss raise with all the converting volume. To minimize these failures, numerous strategies, such as zero voltage switching and zero present converting, are applied employing further capacitors and inductors.
Conduction loss are a consequence of the finite on-condition voltage fall throughout the switches during conduction. Availability of newer semiconductor devices and breakthroughs in device buildings are and helps to minimize the conduction deficits.
To control the changes, a control circuit, typically referred to as a payment circuit, is used. This block has a crucial role in decreasing the losses, giving power efficiently along with excellent quality. The control prevent receives the research and feedback signals as enter and gives converting signs as outputs. Provide-day controllers are mainly digital where the opinions is modified from an analogue to digital signal and enter into a signal central processing unit. Compensation logic is integrated in the software that runs using the processor chip, and correct converting signals are created. These indicators are transferred through motorists to offer ample power to get the changing devices. Typically, analog circuits using operational amplifiers and comparators are used in reimbursement circuits. When offering proper gating signals towards the changes, the control circuits also check the health from the system and prevent the power result when issues happen.
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Datum: 20.09.2023 - 08:07 Uhr
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